NY Daily News. |
Madden, seventy-three, had been admitted to the hospital, suffering with chronic emphysema. He passed away at ten minutes after midnight on the twenty-fourth.
As the New York press announced his death, it referred to Madden (known in some circles as "Killer") as a former Prohibition Era beer baron and an ex-gangster with a reputation for murder. But it became clear that Madden had become something more in Hot Springs.
His funeral on the twenty-seventh was well attended by local dignitaries, including Mayor Dan Wolf, Police Chief John Ermey, State Senator Q. Byrum Hurst and former Prosecutor Walter Hebert. Hurst delivered a eulogy. Wolf, Ermey, Hebert and several local police detectives served as honorary pallbearers. Following services at the Gross Mortuary Chapel, Madden was buried at Greenwood Cemetery about a mile from his longtime home.
One press report of the funeral stated, "In his later years, Madden was known more for his gifts to charity than for his earlier gang war years. He lived a quiet life in this resort city."
Early life
Madden was born to Irish parents in Leeds, County of West Yorkshire in northern England, late in 1891. He reportedly spent his early childhood in Wigan, a town outside Manchester, and coastal Liverpool. His father worked in textile mills.
The family broke apart for a time around his father's death. The 1901 England Census shows Owen and his older brother Martin as "inmates" of a Leeds home overseen by matron Annie Farkin. The home hosted a total of ten inmates at that moment, six girls and four boys.
It appears that Owen's mother, Mary O'Neill Madden, went ahead to the United States during this period and moved in with her sister Elizabeth on Manhattan's West Side. Owen, Martin and a younger sister, Maria, crossed the Atlantic aboard the S.S. Teutonic in June 1902 to join her. The family settled at 352 Tenth Avenue.
Madden (center) with the Gophers. |
Madden and his brother almost immediately got in trouble with the law. In spring 1903, Martin Madden was labeled "incorrigible" and sent off to a Roman Catholic protectory for a term of a year and eight months. He would be in and out of penal institutions for years. Owen advanced within a network of street gangs along the Hudson River docks. He eventually became the recognized leader of the Gophers Gang.
Madden was involved in a number of shootings, both as gunman and as victim. Within a five-month period from late 1911 to early 1912, Madden was believed responsible for two fatal shootings. The victims were Luigi Molinari and William Henshaw. Over time, the list of suspected Madden victims grew to six men. Later in 1912, Madden was nearly killed when Hudson Dusters gangsters surrounded him at a dance hall and opened fire. He eventually recovered from multiple gunshot wounds.
Prison, Prohibition, Renaissance
The November 1914 killing of William "Patsy Doyle" Moore resulted in a May-June 1915 murder trial for Madden. The jury refused to convict on the charge of first-degree murder that would have sent Madden to the electric chair and instead convicted him of manslaughter. Judge Nott sentenced the twenty-three-year-old Madden to ten to twenty years in prison.
In the months after the conviction, several prosecution witnesses against Madden changed their stories and supported Madden's appeal for a new trial. Judge Nott would not budge.
Madden did time at Sing Sing and Auburn State Prison. After seven years, he was paroled early in 1923. He emerged a Manhattan gangland legend in the period of Prohibition and the Harlem Renaissance. Madden reportedly capitalized on both by engaging in bootlegging rackets, including a massive beer brewery, and investing in night clubs like Lenox Avenue's Cotton Club. These ventures made him fabulously wealthy and brought him into business relationships with such crime figures as "Big Frenchy" DeMange, Salvatore "Lucky Luciano" Lucania, Frank Costello, Dutch Schultz, Legs Diamond and Vincent "Mad Dog" Coll.
While amassing a personal fortune, he was generous with the community: "His benefactions have been many and timely. For three winters hundreds were fed daily through the Cotton Club, where many families were given Christmas baskets. Out of his pocket he has paid the rent for families threatened with eviction. At no time has he refused to aid a worthy cause."
Back to prison, off to Hot Springs
Madden in 1961 |
Late in 1935, he married Agnes (perhaps Florence) Demby, daughter of a former local postmaster. Though Madden reportedly involved himself in city gambling ventures, such enterprises were generally ignored by law enforcement.
By the mid-1940s, he had attained a measure of respectability, at least within the Hot Springs community. He was naturalized a citizen of the U.S. and made 506 West Grand Avenue - neighboring the residence of local Police Chief John Ermey - his home.
In 1961, Madden was called before a Senate committee investigating illegal gambling. He repeatedly declined to answer senators' questions. The questions focused on allegations that he controlled a Hot Springs service supplying gambling facilities with horserace results obtained from a New Orleans based provider.
Sources:
- Arkansas County Marriages Index, Ancestry.com.
- "Arrested as Gopher feud murderer," New York Sun, Sept. 10, 1911, p. 5.
- "Beer king Owney Madden dies," New York Daily News, April 24, 1965, p. 3.
- Births registered in January, February, and March 1892, England Civil Registration Birth Index, p. 332, Ancestry.com.
- "Brother of gangster Owney Madden faces deportation as undesirable criminal alien," New York Times, Sept. 10, 1953, p. 13.
- "Chase for a slayer," New York Times, Feb. 13, 1912, p. 1.
- "Dry padlocks snapped on nine wet doors; 'Owney' Madden's 'Club' is one of them," New York Times, June 23, 1925, p. 23.
- England Census of 1901, Yorkshire County, Leeds, orth Leeds, District 35.
- Gambling and Organized Crime, Hearings before the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the Committee on Government Operations, Part 2, U.S. Senate, 87th Congress, 1st Session, August 28-31, 1961, p. 557-561, 566-567, 570-572.
- "Gangsters seek writs to gain their freedom," New York Evening World, Dec. 14, 1914, p. 4.
- "Girl says she lied when told to do so at murder trial," New York Evening World, Oct. 7, 1915, p. 2.
- "Girls arrested for perjury in murder case," Brooklyn Standard Union, Nov. 4, 1915, p. 10.
- "Girls held in Madden case," New York Tribune, Nov. 9, 1915, p. 6.
- "Girls in Owney Madden case indicted," New York Evening World, Nov. 8, 1915, p. 3.
- "Given Owen Madden a chance," New York Age, Aug. 13, 1932, p. 4.
- "Gun man, in feud, is shot at dance," New York Herald, Nov. 7, 1912, p. 15.
- "Held on charge of murder," Brooklyn Daily Eagle, Feb. 13, 1912, p. 3.
- Levins, Peter, "Justice versus Owney Madden," New York Sunday News, Nov. 6, 1932, p. 52.
- "Madden convicted of manslaughter," New York Sun, June 3, 1915, p. 14.
- "Madden gets limit for gang murder," New York Press, June 9, 1915, p. 14.
- "Madden gets ten to twenty years," New York Tribune, June 9, 1915, p. 16.
- "Madden on trial as promoter of murder," New York Sun, May 25, 1915, p. 11.
- New York City Extracted Death Index, certificate no. 33926, Nov. 28, 1914.
- New York State Census for 1905, New York County, Assembly District 11, Election District 2.
- New York State Census of 1915, Westchester County, Town of Ossining, Assembly District 3, Election District 1, Sing Sing Prison.
- "Owney Madden, found guilty in gang killing, escapes chair by manslaughter verdict," New York Tribune, June 3, 1915, p. 14.
- "Owen Madden final rites held at spa," El Dorado AR Times, April 27, 1965, p. 13.
- "Owney Madden goes on trial for murder," New York Evening World, May 24, 1915, p. 3.
- "Owen Madden sentenced," New York Sun, June 9, 1915, p. 7.
- Owen Madden World War I Draft Registration Card, No. 606, Sing Sing Prison, Westchester County, New York, June 5, 1917.
- "Owen V. Madden," Sing Sing Prison Receiving Blotter, no. 66164, received June 16, 1915.
- "Owen Vincent Madden (1891-1965)," The Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture, Central Arkansas Library System, encyclopediaofarkansas.net.
- Owen Vincent Madden World War II draft registration card, serial no. U561.
- "Oweny Madden, 'Killer' shot, sneers at sleuth," New York Sun, Nov. 7, 1912, p. 9.
- "Owney Madden, 73, ex-gangster, dead," New York Times, April 24, 1965, p. 1.
- "Owney Madden's girl witnesses held for perjury," New York Evening World, Nov. 4, 1915, p. 8.
- "Owney travels to his reward as a real gent," New York Daily News, April 28, 1965, p. 15.
- "Owney: From bullets to tranquility," New York Daily News, April 25, 1965, p. 10.
- Passenger manifest of S.S. Teutonic, departed Liverpool, England, on June 4, 1902, arrived New York City on June 12, 1902.
- Polk's Hot Springs City Directory 1949, St Louis: R.L. Polk & Co., 1950, p. 184.
- "Prisoner says Gopher leader shot himself," New York Evening World, Nov. 7, 1912, p. 2.
- Schedule B, Passenger list of S.S. Teutonic, departed Liverpool, England, on June 4, 1902, bound for New York City.
- "Shot dead by five men," New York Times, Nov. 29, 1914, p. 13.
- "Shot dead in row over armies of war," Brooklyn Standard Union, Nov. 29, 1914, p. 1.
- Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 432-62-2509, Ancestry.com.
- "Takes back testimony against Owen Madden," New York Sun, Oct. 19, 1915, p. 5.
- Turner, Wallace, "Hot Springs: gamblers' haven," New York Times, March 8, 1964, p. 1.
- United States Census of 1910, New York State, New York County, Ward 20, Enumeration District 1219.
- United States Census of 1920, Westchester County, Town of Ossining, Enumeration District 159, Sing Sing Prison.
- United States Census of 1940, Arkansas, Garland County, Hot Springs, Ward 1, Enumeration District 26-11.
- Waggoner, Walter H., "Herman stark dies; owned Cotton Club from 1929 to 1940," New York Times, July 9, 1981.